Thyroid cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the country. It can occur at any age and affects both men and women. While it is a relatively rare cancer, it is essential to be aware of its signs and symptoms so that it can be diagnosed and treated early. This article will cover the causes, signs, diagnosis, risk factors, treatment options, prevention, and support resources for those dealing with thyroid cancer. Introduction to thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer is a kind of cancer that originates in the thyroid gland, a small, butterfly-shaped organ located at the bottom of the neck. The thyroid is a unit of the endocrine system, which produces hormones that regulate several critical bodily functions. In thyroid cancer, abnormal cells in the thyroid rapidly divide and form a tumor. There are other types of thyroid cancer, including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic. The most common type is papillary thyroid cancer, which makes up about 80 percent of all thyroid cancers. Follicular thyroid cancer is the other most common type, making up about 10 percent of cases. Causes of thyroid cancer There are several risk factors may increase a person’s chances of developing the disease. These include a family history of thyroid cancer, exposure to radiation, specific genetic syndromes, and a food regime high in iodine. A family history of thyroid cancer increases a person’s risk for the disease. If a person has a parent, sibling, or close relative with thyroid cancer, their risk of developing the disease is higher. Radiation exposure is also a risk factor for thyroid cancer. People who, in the past, have had radiation therapy to the neck or chest may be at an increased risk, as well as those who have lived in areas with high environmental radiation levels. Specific genetic syndromes can also increase the risk of thyroid cancer.

Eczema is a generic term that refers to a group of skin conditions that cause irritation. These conditions can affect infants, children, and adults. Dry skin, redness, fluid-filled boils on the skin, severe itching, and rashes of various forms and shapes are typical characteristics of eczema. It is a chronic condition characterized by phases of flare-ups and remission. Managing this condition is important as it can cause discomfort and interfere with one’s routine. Early Warning Signs of Eczema The condition can affect anyone, but early signs of eczema can usually be seen in infancy. Infant boys and adolescent girls are more prone to the condition than others. Infants who develop such skin issues may get cured, and their symptoms may disappear as they age. However, the symptoms could return once they reach adulthood. When suffering from this condition, a person can experience drastic changes in the way their skin feels and looks like. In its early stages, eczema can cause the skin to look bumpy or raised. The skin may also look inflamed, and one’s eyelids may appear swollen. Flaking or peeling of skin is another warning sign that appears early in eczema patients. Irrespective of the early warning signs, eczema can have a long-lasting impact. Some of its short-term and long-term impacts are thick leathery skin; deep lines in palms; formation of pus-filled bumps; and discoloration of skin. Symptoms of Eczema Since eczema is a skin condition, most of the symptoms are associated with changes in the skin. The symptoms may vary for infants, children, and adults. In babies Scaly and itchy rashes on the scalp and cheeks Dry, scaly, itchy, and patchy skin Bubbled rashes that begin to ooze Unexplained discomfort Constant rubbing against bedding to find relief from the itch In older children Rash in elbows, knees, ankles, legs, and buttocks Itchy, scaly, and patchy skin Lightening or darkening of the skin Thickening of skin Constant itchiness Swelling on the skin Slightly warm or hot skin Discoloration of skin Eczema Symptoms in Adults If a person has had eczema as an infant or a child, the symptoms might return when they turn 50.

An adult has 206 bones compared to an infant’s 306; as one grows, the bone fuses, and the bone tissues constantly break down and rebuild. The length of bones stops growing between the ages of 16 and 18, but bone density continues growing until age 35. Individuals begin to lose bone tissue between the ages of 35 and 40, but this can be hastened by conditions like osteoporosis, which leads to drastic bone loss. What is osteoporosis? Bones have a thick outer shell and an inner mesh resembling a honeycomb. The mesh contains proteins and minerals like collagen and calcium. Our body needs minerals like phosphorus and magnesium to build new bones regularly. As we age, if our body loses more bones than it can produce, it cumulatively results in bone loss. This condition is called osteoporosis, which develops and progresses slowly over many years. The bone’s outer shell and honeycomb-like mesh gradually become thinner when osteoporosis happens. The bone becomes weak, putting the person at a high risk of bone pain and fractures. Osteoporosis does not have any specific symptoms. Most men and women may not know they have had osteoporosis until the bone pain and stiffness become too intense or if they suffer a sudden fracture. Fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist are the most common impact of osteoporosis. Weak bones can break at the slightest movement and cause fractures when the person falls. In severe cases of osteoporosis, even a sneeze or a cough can cause a fracture. Five diseases that cause osteoporosis Whatever the cause, bone loss can only be delayed but not reversed. Genetic, autoimmune, hormonal, liver and allergic, psychiatric, and neurological disorders can cause osteoporosis. Five such diseases are: Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is an inherited and life-threatening disease that causes thick sticky mucus in the lungs, pancreas, and internal organs.

A good night’s sleep is one of the critical factors to a high quality of life. Healthy sleep habits indicate the individual’s mental and physical well-being. However, in this day and age, several factors hinder sleep despite an efficient lifestyle. Heartburn can significantly impede a healthy sleep cycle, but there are ways to prevent and manage it. This article will discuss ways to avoid heartburn and get a better night’s sleep. What is heartburn, and how does it impact sleep? Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest or throat caused by acid reflux and can make it challenging to get a comfortable and sound sleep. Fortunately, there are quite a few strategies a person can use to prevent and manage heartburn and get a healthy and restful sleep during the night. Heartburn is a common condition caused by the regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to a burning sensation in the chest or throat. This burning sensation can become more uncomfortable when lying down, making it difficult to get comfortable and stay asleep. Additionally, heartburn can cause difficulty breathing, resulting in frequent waking throughout the night and poor overall sleep quality. Therefore, it is imperative to avoid foods that cause heartburn at night. Studies suggest that food breaks down more efficiently when one eats dinner early in the evening. People suffering from frequent heartburns must avoid oily, tomato-based, carbonated beverages and citric and spicy foods. More on the list of foods to be avoided at night would be fast foods, pizza, fried foods, cheese, and fatty meats like bacon and sausages. 6 tips for a healthy sleep cycle Establishing a regular sleep schedule Establishing a regular sleep schedule is vital in preventing and managing heartburn. Having a consistent bedtime and wake time helps regulate one’s body’s internal clock, making falling and staying asleep easier.

The immune system is responsible for protecting the body against infection and diseases. Sometimes, this system malfunctions and attacks healthy cells and tissues, causing diseases in one or many body parts. Such diseases are called autoimmune diseases. Lupus is an example of an autoimmune disease that can affect people of all ages, with women at a higher risk than men. This post closely examines what lupus is, its types, and its symptoms. What is lupus? Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease where a person’s immune system mistakes healthy cells for invaders. It then creates antibodies to attack the healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and pain in different body parts, including the skin, joints, muscles, and internal organs. Lupus can be mild to severe and, in some cases, life-threatening. Patients with lupus may see phases when they are very ill and phases where they feel better. The symptoms can be managed with treatment, and patients diagnosed with the disease can lead a full life. Different types of lupus The signs and remedies may vary from one person to another based on the type of lupus that affects them. The following are a few common types one should know: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE is the most severe and most common form of lupus. It can affect a person’s health in many ways. For instance, SLE can cause inflammation of the kidney that damages the organ; inflammation in the nervous system and brain that causes headaches, strokes, memory problems, and confusion; inflammation in the blood vessels of the brain that leads to seizures, changes in behavior, and high fever, coronary artery disease that could increase the risk of a heart attack; and pulmonary hypertension. SLE is difficult to diagnose as its symptoms mimic those of other benign diseases. Doctors use a combination of diagnostic tools, such as a physical examination, blood and urine examinations, and imaging tests, to rule out other ailments and identify SLE.

Migraine is a condition that can develop in anyone, however, women are three times more likely to get it. Some may have one or two episodes a year, while others could experience more than 10 episodes a month. The symptoms and severity of an episode may vary from one person to another. Migraine usually develops as a headache, beginning on one side and spreading to the entire head or shifting from one side to another. Severe signs to recognize Moderate to severe headache, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and abdominal pain, and feeling too warm or cold are also common symptoms of a migraine. These symptoms are not alarming and get better with proper treatment and rest. However, there are some signs of headaches and migraines that one should not ignore. Migraine with aura As migraine is a neurological disease, one may experience symptoms like aura, where they see halos, flashing lights, zig-zags, and blank spots. Some may even experience a temporary loss of vision. Aura symptoms typically begin within one hour of the onset of the migraine. These symptoms usually last between thirty minutes to one hour. Some may experience confusion, weakness, or paralysis. Though aura symptoms alone are not dangerous, they could indicate other conditions like stroke. One should consult a doctor or a neurologist for a thorough examination and diagnosis if they observe this symptom. Headache that does not respond to treatment If one has a persistent headache lasting more than two or three days, and if it does not respond to any treatment, it is important to consult a doctor. A migraine typically lasts between four hours to three days. But, if one does not see any improvement in the symptoms, their headache switches from one side to another, or they experience a ringing sensation in the ears, they should seek immediate help.

Macula is a small 5-mm portion at the center of the retina. It is located in the back of the eye and is responsible for central and color vision and the fine details of the things we see. Damage to the macula refers to macular degeneration, causing loss of central vision. In most cases, the damage develops over time, usually due to aging. So, the condition is common among people aged 50 and above. Understanding the condition Macula is made up of a large number of photoreceptor cells that detect light. Once light enters our eye, these cells signal the brain, which interprets them as images. While age is the most common cause of macular degeneration, family history, diabetes, head injury, eye infection, and nutritional deficiencies are other factors that increase the risk of developing the eye condition. Wet and dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the two types people experience. With dry AMD, the macular tissue gradually becomes thin and stops working, causing vision loss. Wet AMD results from fluids from blood vessels leaking into the macula. It is a long-lasting disorder leading to blurred vision and blind spots in the central vision. When dealing with eye diseases like macular degeneration, one can experience symptoms like blurry vision, inability to read or notice fine details, blind spots in central vision, and distorted vision. Cure and prevention While AMD cannot be prevented, one can prevent regular macular degeneration by treating underlying diseases like diabetes and protecting the eyes from trauma and injury. Some other measures that can prevent or slow down macular degeneration are: A meal plan rich in eye-friendly nutrients like lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, vitamins C and E, omega-3s, and beta-carotene Wearing protective eye gear Regular and comprehensive eye examinations Regulating sugar intake and blood sugar Exercising to maintain cardiovascular health and prevent leakage of blood vessels Food and macular degeneration There is no specific meal plan that doctors recommend for managing macular degeneration.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, neurological condition. Doctors have yet to identify the cause of inflammation but attribute it to a complex link between genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. About 2.8 million people in the world were affected by MS in 2020, the number continues to increase worldwide. The condition can lead to loss of vision, immobility, chronic pain, muscle weakness, and other complications. How does MS develop? The function of the nerve cells in the body is to send and receive signals from the brain. Each nerve cell has three parts: the soma or cell body, the axon or the cell trunk, and the dendrites. Together they transport the nutrients necessary for the nerve cells, convert signals into electric impulses, and send them throughout the body. The organs and limbs receive these signals, make changes, and respond accordingly. A myelin sheath is a sleeve or a protective covering around nerve cells made of lipids, proteins, and fats. Multiple sclerosis occurs when our immune system becomes faulty and mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath in the brain and spinal cord. This damages the myelin or causes lesions, plaque, or sclerosis, disrupting the process of transferring a message from the nervous system. So, the communication from and to the nervous system breaks down. The messages from the cells now may be slow or inaccurate, or the recipient’s body parts may ignore them completely. Warning signs MS is a progressive condition more likely to affect women than men. Here, the damage to the nervous system gradually worsens. While some may experience one or two major symptoms, others may experience more. The severity of the symptoms also fluctuates from mild to severe, with periods of remission in between. Though there is no cure yet, with proper treatment, rehabilitation therapies, and lifestyle changes, one can manage the symptoms and live an active life.

Constipation refers to infrequent bowel movements or difficult passage of stools. It is diagnosed when you have fewer than three bowel movements a week. Constipation can cause excessive strain on the intestines and can have an adverse effect on your daily activities. It can be chronic when induced by other health conditions. Since constipation is a condition affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, food is the essential key to managing the condition. It is possible to alleviate or worsen constipation through the food. Eating the right food can help keep your intestines clear, but the wrong foods might bind the stools even further. Fiber-rich foods to eat for constipation Foods rich in fiber can help relieve constipation and keep your stool movements regular. The most common cause of constipation is the slow movement of food through the GI tract. This can be the result of prescription treatment options, diseases of the nerves, or psychological conditions. But most often, it is due to a poor food regime. Here are five fiber-rich foods that can help manage constipation. Prunes One of the age-old remedies for constipation is dried plums, or prunes, as they are commonly called. With three gms of fiber per quarter cup serving, prunes can increase the amount of water in stools, thanks to the insoluble fiber it contains. The body cannot absorb the sorbitol in prunes; thus, it has a laxative effect in the intestine. And finally, the phenols in prunes can stimulate the gut biome and restore balance. Kiwi A single kiwi contains 2.3 gms of fiber, 9% of the recommended daily intake. It is not just the fiber, the enzyme actinide in kiwi also enables gut motility and improves bowel habits. Having two kiwis a day for over two weeks helps soften the stools. It also helps individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

After the COVID-19 pandemic began, people have started taking nasal congestion more seriously, and maintaining good health has become more of a priority to many. But it is important not to let this vigilance translate to frequent visits to the doctors. Instead, one must equip oneself with effective home remedies and develop healthy eating habits. The following are 5 remedies for cold and flu and 5 foods that will help relieve nasal congestion. Home remedies for cold, flu, and nasal congestion Taking a hot shower The most obvious remedy for colds is a hot shower. Even without the flu, a warm burst of water can majorly relieve nasal congestion. Apart from washing away tiredness, inhaling the steam relieves pain and reduces pressure in the sinus, allowing a person to breathe easily for a while. If one is too tired for a hot water shower, one can use an electric facial steamer, which is more convenient. One could use a towel to cover one’s head and the steamer to increase the vapor’s concentration. Investing in a humidifier Most flu-causing viruses thrive in cold, dry environments. And humid air helps soothe irritated nasal tissue. Hence, nasal inflammation can be reduced by using a humidifier or cool-mist vaporizer. Humid air also thins mucus in the sinuses and allows them to drain quickly. This health remedy is beneficial when the air is more dry in the winter season. A similar effect is produced when one takes a long hot water bath. Ensure to regularly change the water in the bathtub or humidifier to prevent fungi and mold from growing. The effects can further be stimulated by adding essential oils like eucalyptus. Menthol Congested airways often dissolve when brought into close contact with menthol. Menthol is a compound from mint plants and contains antibacterial and pain-relieving capacities.